Lycopene is a naturally occurring chemical that gives fruits and vegetables a red color. It is one of a number of pigments called carotenoids. Carotinoids are natural pigments that act as antioxidants for the body. Similar to other carotenoids, lycopene is a natural fat-soluble pigment (red, in the case of lycopene) which is synthesized by some plants and micro-organisms but not by animals, where it serves as an accessory light-gathering pigment and to protect these organisms against the toxic effects of oxygen and light.
Lycopene is the most common carotenoid in the human body and is one of the most potent carotenoid antioxidants. Carotenoids are the principal pigments responsible for the colors of vegetables and fruits: these include ß-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene which is responsible for the red color of red tomatoes and other fruits it is found in. Lycopene is easily absorbed by the organism and is naturally present in human plasma and tissues in higher concentrations than the other carotenoids.
Considered a strong antioxidant, lycopene has a high oxygen-quenching capacity. It is powerful at neutralizing free radicals, which protects cells from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Other attributes include aiding cell-to-cell communication and controlling cell growth. Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the risk of chronic diseases. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals, otherwise known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), and prevent the damage they can cause. Free radicals have been associated with pathogenesis of various disorders and diseases such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, and cataracts.
Companies that produce dietary supplements offer lycopene in both tablet and soft-gel form; some of these products are combined with other dietary compounds. People interested in boosting their consumption can buy these supplements at organic grocery stores, health food stores, or online at dietary supplement sites.
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